<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:contributor>Henrik Singmann</dc:contributor>
  <dc:contributor>Klaus Oberauer</dc:contributor>
  <dc:creator>Alodie Rey-Mermet</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2022</dc:date>
  <dc:description xmlns:ns0="xml" ns0:lang="en">Attentional control – also referred to as executive functions or cognitive control – is our ability to maintain and implement a goal and goal-relevant information in the face of distraction. So far, previous research has failed to provide strong evidence for a psychometric construct of attentional control. This has been argued to result from four methodological limitations: (a) the use of difference scores to measure attentional control, (b) the low reliability of these difference scores, (c) the neglect of individual differences in speed-accuracy trade-offs when only speed or accuracy is used as dependent variable, and (d) the difficulty of isolating attentional control from measurement error. To overcome each of these issues, we re-analyzed the dataset from Rey-Mermet, Gade, and Oberauer (2018), which includes data from a large set of attentional-control tasks from young and older adults. The results showed that even when the difference scores showed acceptable to good split-half reliability estimates (i.e., .61-.88), measures of attentional control failed to correlate with each other and to load on a latent variable. Similarly, bypassing difference scores by using a bifactor modeling approach with highly reliable measures (i.e., .94-.99) results in the same difficulty. Moreover, when accounting for speed-accuracy trade-offs and removing measurement error by combining hierarchical-Bayesian Wiener diffusion modeling with structural equation modeling, we still found no latent variable of attentional control. Therefore, none of the methodological limitations explains the difficulty of establishing a psychometric construct of attentional control. This emphasizes the necessity of rethinking attentional control.</dc:description>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>https://n2t.net/ark:/51647/srd1322111</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier>https://sonar.unidistance.ch/global/documents/322111</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier>https://sonar.unidistance.ch/documents/322111/files/DGPS2022_Rey-Mermet_withoutAppendix.pdf</dc:identifier>
  <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.17605/OSF.IO/BE7Z4</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/ark/51647/srd1322111</dc:relation>
  <dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
  <dc:rights>CC BY</dc:rights>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns1="xml" ns1:lang="en">Higher cognitive functions</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns2="xml" ns2:lang="en">attentional control</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns3="xml" ns3:lang="en">inhibition</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns4="xml" ns4:lang="en">executive functions</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns5="xml" ns5:lang="en">reliability</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns6="xml" ns6:lang="en">validity</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns7="xml" ns7:lang="en">Open access</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject xmlns:ns8="xml" ns8:lang="en">Open data</dc:subject>
  <dc:subject>info:eu-repo/classification/udc/159.9</dc:subject>
  <dc:title xmlns:ns9="xml" ns9:lang="en">Measures of Attention Control Fail to Form a Coherent Factor – And Methodological Limitations Cannot Explain That Away : Talk presented at the 52nd Congress of the German Psychological Society. Hildesheim. Germany.</dc:title>
  <dc:type>http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/R60J-J5BD</dc:type>
</oai_dc:dc>